Version v0.3.39 - .

README.md

@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@
 
 ## Introduction
 
-A secure one-time pad (OTP) cipher implementation in C.
+A secure one-time pad (OTP) cipher implementation in C99.
 
 ## Why One-Time Pads
 
@@ -58,20 +58,19 @@ One-time pads can be trivially encrypted and decrypted using pencil and paper, m
 
 ### Download Pre-Built Binaries
 
-**[Download Current Linux x86](https://git.laantungir.net/laantungir/otp/releases/download/v0.3.32/otp-v0.3.32-linux-x86_64)**
+**[Download Current Linux x86](https://git.laantungir.net/laantungir/otp/releases/download/v0.3.38/otp-v0.3.38-linux-x86_64)**
 
-**[Download Current Raspberry Pi 64](https://git.laantungir.net/laantungir/otp/releases/download/v0.3.32/otp-v0.3.32-linux-arm64)**
+**[Download Current Raspberry Pi 64](https://git.laantungir.net/laantungir/otp/releases/download/v0.3.38/otp-v0.3.38-linux-arm64)**
 
 After downloading:
 ```bash
-# Make executable and rename for convenience
-chmod +x otp-v0.3.32-linux-x86_64
-mv otp-v0.3.32-linux-x86_64 otp
+# Rename for convenience, then make executable
+mv otp-v0.3.38-linux-x86_64 otp
+chmod +x otp
 
 # Run it
 ./otp
 ```
-
 ### First Steps
 
 1. **Generate your first pad:**
@@ -93,11 +92,6 @@ mv otp-v0.3.32-linux-x86_64 otp
 
 
 
-
-
-
-
-
 ## Building from Source
 
 ### Prerequisites
@@ -437,6 +431,28 @@ No.  ChkSum (first 16 chars) Size         Used         % Used
 # Select "S" for show pad info, enter checksum or prefix
 ```
 
+## Important Notes
+
+### Size Units: Decimal (SI) vs Binary (IEC)
+
+**This program uses decimal (SI) units for all size specifications**, matching the behavior of most system tools like `ls -lh`, `df -h`, and file managers:
+
+- **1 KB** = 1,000 bytes (not 1,024)
+- **1 MB** = 1,000,000 bytes (not 1,048,576)
+- **1 GB** = 1,000,000,000 bytes (not 1,073,741,824)
+- **1 TB** = 1,000,000,000,000 bytes (not 1,099,511,627,776)
+
+**Why decimal units?**
+- Consistency with system tools (`ls`, `df`, file managers)
+- Matches storage device marketing (a "1TB" USB drive has ~1,000,000,000,000 bytes)
+- Avoids confusion when comparing sizes across different tools
+- Industry standard for storage devices and file systems
+
+**Example:** When you request a 100GB pad, the program creates exactly 100,000,000,000 bytes, which will display as "100GB" in `ls -lh` and your file manager.
+
+**Note:** Some technical tools may use binary units (GiB, MiB) where 1 GiB = 1,024³ bytes. This program intentionally uses decimal units for user-friendliness and consistency with common tools.
+
+
 ## License
 
 This project includes automatic versioning system based on the Generic Automatic Version Increment System.

build.sh

@@ -169,9 +169,12 @@ update_source_version() {
 
 After downloading:
 \`\`\`bash
-# Make executable and run
-chmod +x otp-${NEW_VERSION}-linux-x86_64
-./otp-${NEW_VERSION}-linux-x86_64
+# Rename for convenience, then make executable
+mv otp-${NEW_VERSION}-linux-x86_64 otp
+chmod +x otp
+
+# Run it
+./otp
 \`\`\`"
         
         # Use awk to replace the section between "### Download Pre-Built Binaries" and "### First Steps"

src/entropy.c

@@ -82,7 +82,7 @@ int add_entropy_direct_xor(const char* pad_chksum, const unsigned char* entropy_
 
     if (display_progress) {
         printf("Adding entropy to pad using direct XOR...\n");
-        printf("Pad size: %.2f GB (%lu bytes)\n", (double)pad_size / (1024.0*1024.0*1024.0), pad_size);
+        printf("Pad size: %.2f GB (%lu bytes)\n", (double)pad_size / (1000.0*1000.0*1000.0), pad_size);
         printf("Entropy size: %zu bytes\n", entropy_size);
     }
 
@@ -212,16 +212,30 @@ int add_entropy_chacha20(const char* pad_chksum, const unsigned char* entropy_da
 
     if (display_progress) {
         printf("Adding entropy to pad using Chacha20...\n");
-        printf("Pad size: %.2f GB (%lu bytes)\n", (double)pad_size / (1024.0*1024.0*1024.0), pad_size);
+        printf("Pad size: %.2f GB (%lu bytes)\n", (double)pad_size / (1000.0*1000.0*1000.0), pad_size);
     }
 
     // Process pad in chunks
     unsigned char buffer[64 * 1024]; // 64KB chunks
     unsigned char keystream[64 * 1024];
     uint64_t offset = 0;
-    uint32_t counter = 0;
+    uint32_t counter_low = 0;
+    uint32_t counter_high = 0;
     time_t start_time = time(NULL);
     
+    // Use extended counter for pads larger than 256GB
+    // 256GB = 2^32 blocks * 64 bytes = 274,877,906,944 bytes
+    int use_extended = (pad_size > 274877906944ULL);
+    
+    // For extended mode, use reduced 8-byte nonce
+    unsigned char nonce_reduced[8];
+    if (use_extended) {
+        memcpy(nonce_reduced, nonce + 4, 8);
+        if (display_progress) {
+            printf("Using extended counter mode for large pad (>256GB)\n");
+        }
+    }
+
     while (offset < pad_size) {
         size_t chunk_size = sizeof(buffer);
         if (pad_size - offset < chunk_size) {
@@ -237,7 +251,15 @@ int add_entropy_chacha20(const char* pad_chksum, const unsigned char* entropy_da
         }
 
         // Generate keystream for this chunk
-        if (chacha20_encrypt(key, counter, nonce, buffer, keystream, chunk_size) != 0) {
+        int chacha_result;
+        if (use_extended) {
+            chacha_result = chacha20_encrypt_extended(key, counter_low, counter_high,
+                                                      nonce_reduced, buffer, keystream, chunk_size);
+        } else {
+            chacha_result = chacha20_encrypt(key, counter_low, nonce, buffer, keystream, chunk_size);
+        }
+        
+        if (chacha_result != 0) {
             printf("Error: Chacha20 keystream generation failed\n");
             fclose(pad_file);
             chmod(pad_path, S_IRUSR);
@@ -265,7 +287,16 @@ int add_entropy_chacha20(const char* pad_chksum, const unsigned char* entropy_da
         }
 
         offset += chunk_size;
-        counter += (chunk_size + 63) / 64; // Round up for block count
+        
+        // Update counters
+        uint32_t blocks = (chunk_size + 63) / 64; // Round up for block count
+        uint32_t old_counter_low = counter_low;
+        counter_low += blocks;
+        
+        // Check for overflow and increment high counter
+        if (counter_low < old_counter_low) {
+            counter_high++;
+        }
 
         // Show progress for large pads
         if (display_progress && offset % (64 * 1024 * 1024) == 0) { // Every 64MB
@@ -282,7 +313,8 @@ int add_entropy_chacha20(const char* pad_chksum, const unsigned char* entropy_da
 
     if (display_progress) {
         show_progress(pad_size, pad_size, start_time);
-        printf("\n✓ Entropy successfully added to pad using Chacha20\n");
+        printf("\n✓ Entropy successfully added to pad using Chacha20%s\n",
+               use_extended ? " (extended counter)" : "");
         printf("✓ Pad integrity maintained\n");
         printf("✓ %zu bytes of entropy distributed across entire pad\n", entropy_size);
         printf("✓ Pad restored to read-only mode\n");
@@ -593,8 +625,8 @@ int add_file_entropy_streaming(const char* pad_chksum, const char* file_path, si
 
     if (display_progress) {
         printf("Adding entropy to pad using streaming direct XOR...\n");
-        printf("Pad size: %.2f GB (%lu bytes)\n", (double)pad_size / (1024.0*1024.0*1024.0), pad_size);
-        printf("Entropy file: %.2f GB (%zu bytes)\n", (double)file_size / (1024.0*1024.0*1024.0), file_size);
+        printf("Pad size: %.2f GB (%lu bytes)\n", (double)pad_size / (1000.0*1000.0*1000.0), pad_size);
+        printf("Entropy file: %.2f GB (%zu bytes)\n", (double)file_size / (1000.0*1000.0*1000.0), file_size);
     }
 
     // Process in chunks

src/main.h

@@ -23,7 +23,7 @@
 #include <ctype.h>
 
 // Version - Updated automatically by build.sh
-#define OTP_VERSION "v0.3.32"
+#define OTP_VERSION "v0.3.38"
 
 // Constants
 #define MAX_INPUT_SIZE 4096

src/nostr_chacha20.c

@@ -161,3 +161,45 @@ int chacha20_encrypt(const uint8_t key[32], uint32_t counter,
     
     return 0;
 }
+
+int chacha20_encrypt_extended(const uint8_t key[32], uint32_t counter_low,
+                               uint32_t counter_high, const uint8_t nonce[8],
+                               const uint8_t* input, uint8_t* output, size_t length) {
+    uint8_t keystream[CHACHA20_BLOCK_SIZE];
+    uint8_t extended_nonce[12];
+    size_t offset = 0;
+    
+    while (length > 0) {
+        /* Build extended 12-byte nonce: [counter_high (4 bytes)][nonce (8 bytes)] */
+        u32_to_bytes_le(counter_high, extended_nonce);
+        memcpy(extended_nonce + 4, nonce, 8);
+        
+        /* Generate keystream block using extended nonce */
+        int ret = chacha20_block(key, counter_low, extended_nonce, keystream);
+        if (ret != 0) {
+            return ret;
+        }
+        
+        /* XOR with input to produce output */
+        size_t block_len = (length < CHACHA20_BLOCK_SIZE) ? length : CHACHA20_BLOCK_SIZE;
+        for (size_t i = 0; i < block_len; i++) {
+            output[offset + i] = input[offset + i] ^ keystream[i];
+        }
+        
+        /* Move to next block */
+        offset += block_len;
+        length -= block_len;
+        counter_low++;
+        
+        /* Check for counter_low overflow and increment counter_high */
+        if (counter_low == 0) {
+            counter_high++;
+            /* Check for counter_high overflow (extremely unlikely - > 1 exabyte) */
+            if (counter_high == 0) {
+                return -1; /* Extended counter wrapped around */
+            }
+        }
+    }
+    
+    return 0;
+}

src/nostr_chacha20.h

@@ -79,6 +79,25 @@ int chacha20_encrypt(const uint8_t key[32], uint32_t counter,
                      const uint8_t nonce[12], const uint8_t* input,
                      uint8_t* output, size_t length);
 
+/**
+ * ChaCha20 encryption/decryption with extended counter (64-bit)
+ *
+ * Extended version that supports files larger than 256GB by using
+ * part of the nonce as a high-order counter extension.
+ *
+ * @param key[in]           32-byte key
+ * @param counter_low[in]   Initial 32-bit counter value (low bits)
+ * @param counter_high[in]  Initial 32-bit counter value (high bits)
+ * @param nonce[in]         8-byte reduced nonce (instead of 12)
+ * @param input[in]         Input data to encrypt/decrypt
+ * @param output[out]       Output buffer (can be same as input)
+ * @param length[in]        Length of input data in bytes
+ * @return                  0 on success, negative on error
+ */
+int chacha20_encrypt_extended(const uint8_t key[32], uint32_t counter_low,
+                               uint32_t counter_high, const uint8_t nonce[8],
+                               const uint8_t* input, uint8_t* output, size_t length);
+
 /*
  * ============================================================================
  * UTILITY FUNCTIONS

src/pads.c

@@ -43,9 +43,9 @@ int show_pad_info(const char* chksum) {
     printf("ChkSum: %s\n", chksum);
     printf("File: %s\n", pad_filename);
 
-    double size_gb = (double)st.st_size / (1024.0 * 1024.0 * 1024.0);
-    double used_gb = (double)used_bytes / (1024.0 * 1024.0 * 1024.0);
-    double remaining_gb = (double)(st.st_size - used_bytes) / (1024.0 * 1024.0 * 1024.0);
+    double size_gb = (double)st.st_size / (1000.0 * 1000.0 * 1000.0);
+    double used_gb = (double)used_bytes / (1000.0 * 1000.0 * 1000.0);
+    double remaining_gb = (double)(st.st_size - used_bytes) / (1000.0 * 1000.0 * 1000.0);
 
     printf("Total size: %.2f GB (%lu bytes)\n", size_gb, st.st_size);
     printf("Used: %.2f GB (%lu bytes)\n", used_gb, used_bytes);
@@ -89,18 +89,18 @@ int generate_pad(uint64_t size_bytes, int display_progress) {
     const char* pads_dir = get_current_pads_dir();
     struct statvfs stat;
     if (statvfs(pads_dir, &stat) == 0) {
-        // Use f_bfree (total free blocks) instead of f_bavail (available to non-root)
-        // This gives the actual free space on the filesystem, which is more accurate
-        // for removable media and user-owned directories
-        uint64_t available_bytes = stat.f_bfree * stat.f_frsize;
-        double available_gb = (double)available_bytes / (1024.0 * 1024.0 * 1024.0);
-        double required_gb = (double)size_bytes / (1024.0 * 1024.0 * 1024.0);
+        // Use f_bavail (available to non-root users) for accurate space reporting
+        // This accounts for filesystem reserved space (e.g., 5% on ext4)
+        uint64_t available_bytes = stat.f_bavail * stat.f_frsize;
+        double available_gb = (double)available_bytes / (1000.0 * 1000.0 * 1000.0);
+        double required_gb = (double)size_bytes / (1000.0 * 1000.0 * 1000.0);
         
         if (available_bytes < size_bytes) {
             printf("\n⚠ WARNING: Insufficient disk space!\n");
-            printf("  Required: %.2f GB\n", required_gb);
-            printf("  Available: %.2f GB\n", available_gb);
+            printf("  Required: %.2f GB (%lu bytes)\n", required_gb, size_bytes);
+            printf("  Available: %.2f GB (%lu bytes)\n", available_gb, available_bytes);
             printf("  Shortfall: %.2f GB\n", required_gb - available_gb);
+            printf("  Location: %s\n", pads_dir);
             printf("\nContinue anyway? (y/N): ");
             
             char response[10];
@@ -129,11 +129,54 @@ int generate_pad(uint64_t size_bytes, int display_progress) {
 
     FILE* pad_file = fopen(temp_filename, "wb");
     if (!pad_file) {
-        printf("Error: Cannot create temporary pad file %s\n", temp_filename);
+        printf("Error: Cannot create temporary pad file '%s': %s (errno %d)\n",
+               temp_filename, strerror(errno), errno);
         fclose(urandom);
         return 1;
     }
 
+    // Preallocate full file size using posix_fallocate for guaranteed space reservation
+    // This actually allocates disk blocks (unlike ftruncate which creates sparse files)
+    int fd = fileno(pad_file);
+    double size_gb = (double)size_bytes / (1000.0 * 1000.0 * 1000.0);
+    
+    if (display_progress) {
+        printf("Allocating %.2f GB on disk...\n", size_gb);
+    }
+    
+    int alloc_result = posix_fallocate(fd, 0, (off_t)size_bytes);
+    if (alloc_result != 0) {
+        printf("Error: Failed to allocate %.2f GB temp file: %s (errno %d)\n",
+               size_gb, strerror(alloc_result), alloc_result);
+        printf("  Temp file: %s\n", temp_filename);
+        printf("  Location: %s\n", pads_dir);
+        
+        if (alloc_result == ENOSPC) {
+            printf("  Cause: No space left on device\n");
+            printf("  This means the actual available space is less than reported\n");
+        } else if (alloc_result == EOPNOTSUPP) {
+            printf("  Cause: Filesystem doesn't support posix_fallocate\n");
+            printf("  Falling back to ftruncate (sparse file)...\n");
+            if (ftruncate(fd, (off_t)size_bytes) != 0) {
+                printf("  Fallback failed: %s\n", strerror(errno));
+                fclose(pad_file);
+                fclose(urandom);
+                unlink(temp_filename);
+                return 1;
+            }
+        } else {
+            printf("  Possible causes: quota limits, filesystem restrictions\n");
+            fclose(pad_file);
+            fclose(urandom);
+            unlink(temp_filename);
+            return 1;
+        }
+    }
+
+    if (display_progress && alloc_result == 0) {
+        printf("✓ Allocated %.2f GB on disk (guaranteed space)\n", size_gb);
+    }
+
     unsigned char buffer[64 * 1024]; // 64KB buffer
     uint64_t bytes_written = 0;
     time_t start_time = time(NULL);
@@ -149,7 +192,8 @@ int generate_pad(uint64_t size_bytes, int display_progress) {
         }
 
         if (fread(buffer, 1, (size_t)chunk_size, urandom) != (size_t)chunk_size) {
-            printf("Error: Failed to read from /dev/urandom\n");
+            printf("Error: Failed to read %lu bytes from /dev/urandom at position %lu: %s (errno %d)\n",
+                   chunk_size, bytes_written, strerror(errno), errno);
             fclose(urandom);
             fclose(pad_file);
             unlink(temp_filename);
@@ -157,7 +201,11 @@ int generate_pad(uint64_t size_bytes, int display_progress) {
         }
 
         if (fwrite(buffer, 1, (size_t)chunk_size, pad_file) != (size_t)chunk_size) {
-            printf("Error: Failed to write to pad file\n");
+            printf("Error: fwrite failed for %lu bytes at position %lu/%lu (%.1f%%): %s (errno %d)\n",
+                   chunk_size, bytes_written, size_bytes,
+                   (double)bytes_written / size_bytes * 100.0, strerror(errno), errno);
+            printf("  Temp file: %s\n", temp_filename);
+            printf("  Disk space was checked - possible causes: fragmentation, I/O timeout, quota\n");
             fclose(urandom);
             fclose(pad_file);
             unlink(temp_filename);
@@ -216,8 +264,10 @@ int generate_pad(uint64_t size_bytes, int display_progress) {
         return 1;
     }
 
-    double size_gb = (double)size_bytes / (1024.0 * 1024.0 * 1024.0);
-    printf("Generated pad: %s (%.2f GB)\n", pad_path, size_gb);
+    if (display_progress) {
+        double final_size_gb = (double)size_bytes / (1000.0 * 1000.0 * 1000.0);
+        printf("Generated pad: %s (%.2f GB)\n", pad_path, final_size_gb);
+    }
     printf("Pad checksum: %s\n", chksum_hex);
     printf("State file: %s\n", state_path);
     printf("Pad file set to read-only\n");
@@ -384,25 +434,25 @@ char* select_pad_interactive(const char* title, const char* prompt, pad_filter_t
                 }
 
                 // Format total size
-                if (st.st_size < 1024) {
+                if (st.st_size < 1000) {
                     snprintf(pads[pad_count].size_str, sizeof(pads[pad_count].size_str), "%luB", st.st_size);
-                } else if (st.st_size < 1024 * 1024) {
-                    snprintf(pads[pad_count].size_str, sizeof(pads[pad_count].size_str), "%.1fKB", (double)st.st_size / 1024.0);
-                } else if (st.st_size < 1024 * 1024 * 1024) {
-                    snprintf(pads[pad_count].size_str, sizeof(pads[pad_count].size_str), "%.1fMB", (double)st.st_size / (1024.0 * 1024.0));
+                } else if (st.st_size < 1000 * 1000) {
+                    snprintf(pads[pad_count].size_str, sizeof(pads[pad_count].size_str), "%.1fKB", (double)st.st_size / 1000.0);
+                } else if (st.st_size < 1000 * 1000 * 1000) {
+                    snprintf(pads[pad_count].size_str, sizeof(pads[pad_count].size_str), "%.1fMB", (double)st.st_size / (1000.0 * 1000.0));
                 } else {
-                    snprintf(pads[pad_count].size_str, sizeof(pads[pad_count].size_str), "%.2fGB", (double)st.st_size / (1024.0 * 1024.0 * 1024.0));
+                    snprintf(pads[pad_count].size_str, sizeof(pads[pad_count].size_str), "%.2fGB", (double)st.st_size / (1000.0 * 1000.0 * 1000.0));
                 }
 
                 // Format used size
-                if (used_bytes < 1024) {
+                if (used_bytes < 1000) {
                     snprintf(pads[pad_count].used_str, sizeof(pads[pad_count].used_str), "%luB", used_bytes);
-                } else if (used_bytes < 1024 * 1024) {
-                    snprintf(pads[pad_count].used_str, sizeof(pads[pad_count].used_str), "%.1fKB", (double)used_bytes / 1024.0);
-                } else if (used_bytes < 1024 * 1024 * 1024) {
-                    snprintf(pads[pad_count].used_str, sizeof(pads[pad_count].used_str), "%.1fMB", (double)used_bytes / (1024.0 * 1024.0));
+                } else if (used_bytes < 1000 * 1000) {
+                    snprintf(pads[pad_count].used_str, sizeof(pads[pad_count].used_str), "%.1fKB", (double)used_bytes / 1000.0);
+                } else if (used_bytes < 1000 * 1000 * 1000) {
+                    snprintf(pads[pad_count].used_str, sizeof(pads[pad_count].used_str), "%.1fMB", (double)used_bytes / (1000.0 * 1000.0));
                 } else {
-                    snprintf(pads[pad_count].used_str, sizeof(pads[pad_count].used_str), "%.2fGB", (double)used_bytes / (1024.0 * 1024.0 * 1024.0));
+                    snprintf(pads[pad_count].used_str, sizeof(pads[pad_count].used_str), "%.2fGB", (double)used_bytes / (1000.0 * 1000.0 * 1000.0));
                 }
 
                 // Calculate percentage
@@ -584,6 +634,27 @@ int handle_pads_menu(void) {
 
     // Get list of pads from current directory
     const char* pads_dir = get_current_pads_dir();
+    
+    // Display directory and space information
+    printf("Pads Directory: %s\n", pads_dir);
+    
+    // Get filesystem space information
+    struct statvfs vfs_stat;
+    if (statvfs(pads_dir, &vfs_stat) == 0) {
+        uint64_t total_bytes = vfs_stat.f_blocks * vfs_stat.f_frsize;
+        uint64_t available_bytes = vfs_stat.f_bavail * vfs_stat.f_frsize;
+        uint64_t used_bytes = total_bytes - (vfs_stat.f_bfree * vfs_stat.f_frsize);
+        
+        double total_gb = (double)total_bytes / (1000.0 * 1000.0 * 1000.0);
+        double available_gb = (double)available_bytes / (1000.0 * 1000.0 * 1000.0);
+        double used_gb = (double)used_bytes / (1000.0 * 1000.0 * 1000.0);
+        double used_percent = (double)used_bytes / total_bytes * 100.0;
+        
+        printf("Drive Space: %.2f GB total, %.2f GB used (%.1f%%), %.2f GB available\n",
+               total_gb, used_gb, used_percent, available_gb);
+    }
+    printf("\n");
+    
     DIR* dir = opendir(pads_dir);
     if (!dir) {
         printf("Error: Cannot open pads directory %s\n", pads_dir);
@@ -619,25 +690,25 @@ int handle_pads_menu(void) {
                 read_state_offset(pads[pad_count].chksum, &used_bytes);
 
                 // Format total size
-                if (st.st_size < 1024) {
+                if (st.st_size < 1000) {
                     snprintf(pads[pad_count].size_str, sizeof(pads[pad_count].size_str), "%luB", st.st_size);
-                } else if (st.st_size < 1024 * 1024) {
-                    snprintf(pads[pad_count].size_str, sizeof(pads[pad_count].size_str), "%.1fKB", (double)st.st_size / 1024.0);
-                } else if (st.st_size < 1024 * 1024 * 1024) {
-                    snprintf(pads[pad_count].size_str, sizeof(pads[pad_count].size_str), "%.1fMB", (double)st.st_size / (1024.0 * 1024.0));
+                } else if (st.st_size < 1000 * 1000) {
+                    snprintf(pads[pad_count].size_str, sizeof(pads[pad_count].size_str), "%.1fKB", (double)st.st_size / 1000.0);
+                } else if (st.st_size < 1000 * 1000 * 1000) {
+                    snprintf(pads[pad_count].size_str, sizeof(pads[pad_count].size_str), "%.1fMB", (double)st.st_size / (1000.0 * 1000.0));
                 } else {
-                    snprintf(pads[pad_count].size_str, sizeof(pads[pad_count].size_str), "%.2fGB", (double)st.st_size / (1024.0 * 1024.0 * 1024.0));
+                    snprintf(pads[pad_count].size_str, sizeof(pads[pad_count].size_str), "%.2fGB", (double)st.st_size / (1000.0 * 1000.0 * 1000.0));
                 }
 
                 // Format used size
-                if (used_bytes < 1024) {
+                if (used_bytes < 1000) {
                     snprintf(pads[pad_count].used_str, sizeof(pads[pad_count].used_str), "%luB", used_bytes);
-                } else if (used_bytes < 1024 * 1024) {
-                    snprintf(pads[pad_count].used_str, sizeof(pads[pad_count].used_str), "%.1fKB", (double)used_bytes / 1024.0);
-                } else if (used_bytes < 1024 * 1024 * 1024) {
-                    snprintf(pads[pad_count].used_str, sizeof(pads[pad_count].used_str), "%.1fMB", (double)used_bytes / (1024.0 * 1024.0));
+                } else if (used_bytes < 1000 * 1000) {
+                    snprintf(pads[pad_count].used_str, sizeof(pads[pad_count].used_str), "%.1fKB", (double)used_bytes / 1000.0);
+                } else if (used_bytes < 1000 * 1000 * 1000) {
+                    snprintf(pads[pad_count].used_str, sizeof(pads[pad_count].used_str), "%.1fMB", (double)used_bytes / (1000.0 * 1000.0));
                 } else {
-                    snprintf(pads[pad_count].used_str, sizeof(pads[pad_count].used_str), "%.2fGB", (double)used_bytes / (1024.0 * 1024.0 * 1024.0));
+                    snprintf(pads[pad_count].used_str, sizeof(pads[pad_count].used_str), "%.2fGB", (double)used_bytes / (1000.0 * 1000.0 * 1000.0));
                 }
 
                 // Calculate percentage
@@ -949,9 +1020,9 @@ int handle_verify_pad(const char* chksum) {
     printf("ChkSum: %s\n", chksum);
     printf("File: %s\n", pad_filename);
 
-    double size_gb = (double)st.st_size / (1024.0 * 1024.0 * 1024.0);
-    double used_gb = (double)used_bytes / (1024.0 * 1024.0 * 1024.0);
-    double remaining_gb = (double)(st.st_size - used_bytes) / (1024.0 * 1024.0 * 1024.0);
+    double size_gb = (double)st.st_size / (1000.0 * 1000.0 * 1000.0);
+    double used_gb = (double)used_bytes / (1000.0 * 1000.0 * 1000.0);
+    double remaining_gb = (double)(st.st_size - used_bytes) / (1000.0 * 1000.0 * 1000.0);
 
     printf("Total size: %.2f GB (%lu bytes)\n", size_gb, st.st_size);
     printf("Used: %.2f GB (%lu bytes)\n", used_gb, used_bytes);
@@ -1017,7 +1088,7 @@ int handle_delete_pad(const char* chksum) {
         uint64_t used_bytes;
         read_state_offset(chksum, &used_bytes);
 
-        double size_gb = (double)st.st_size / (1024.0 * 1024.0 * 1024.0);
+        double size_gb = (double)st.st_size / (1000.0 * 1000.0 * 1000.0);
         printf("\nPad to delete:\n");
         printf("Checksum: %s\n", chksum);
         printf("Size: %.2f GB\n", size_gb);
@@ -1205,7 +1276,7 @@ int handle_add_entropy_to_pad(const char* pad_chksum) {
         target_bytes = (size_t)pad_stat.st_size;
         printf("\nHardware RNG selected - will enhance entire pad with hardware entropy\n");
         printf("Pad size: %.2f GB (%zu bytes)\n",
-                (double)target_bytes / (1024.0 * 1024.0 * 1024.0), target_bytes);
+                (double)target_bytes / (1000.0 * 1000.0 * 1000.0), target_bytes);
     } else if (entropy_source == ENTROPY_SOURCE_FILE) {
         // Special handling for file entropy - ask for file path first
         char file_path[512];
@@ -1227,7 +1298,7 @@ int handle_add_entropy_to_pad(const char* pad_chksum) {
         printf("\nFile vs Pad Size Analysis:\n");
         printf("  Entropy file: %zu bytes\n", file_size);
         printf("  Target pad: %.2f GB (%lu bytes)\n",
-               (double)pad_size / (1024.0 * 1024.0 * 1024.0), pad_size);
+               (double)pad_size / (1000.0 * 1000.0 * 1000.0), pad_size);
 
         // Smart method selection based on file size vs pad size
         if (file_size >= pad_size) {
@@ -1411,10 +1482,10 @@ int handle_add_entropy_to_pad(const char* pad_chksum) {
 
         printf("✓ Device test successful!\n");
         printf("  Test collected: %zu bytes in %.1f seconds\n", test_collected, test_time);
-        printf("  Speed: %.1f KB/s (%.1f MB/s)\n", bytes_per_second / 1024.0, bytes_per_second / (1024.0 * 1024.0));
+        printf("  Speed: %.1f KB/s (%.1f MB/s)\n", bytes_per_second / 1000.0, bytes_per_second / (1000.0 * 1000.0));
 
         printf("\nPad enhancement estimate:\n");
-        printf("  Pad size: %.2f GB (%zu bytes)\n", (double)target_bytes / (1024.0 * 1024.0 * 1024.0), target_bytes);
+        printf("  Pad size: %.2f GB (%zu bytes)\n", (double)target_bytes / (1000.0 * 1000.0 * 1000.0), target_bytes);
 
         if (estimated_hours >= 1.0) {
             printf("  Estimated time: %.1f hours\n", estimated_hours);

src/trng.c

@@ -153,7 +153,7 @@ int collect_truerng_entropy_streaming_from_device(const hardware_rng_device_t* d
 
     if (display_progress) {
         printf("Streaming entropy from %s to pad...\n", device->friendly_name);
-        printf("Pad size: %.2f GB (%lu bytes)\n", (double)pad_size / (1024.0*1024.0*1024.0), pad_size);
+        printf("Pad size: %.2f GB (%lu bytes)\n", (double)pad_size / (1000.0*1000.0*1000.0), pad_size);
         printf("Enhancing entire pad with hardware entropy\n");
     }
 

src/ui.c

@@ -152,7 +152,7 @@ int handle_generate_menu(void) {
         return 1;
     }
 
-    double size_gb = (double)size / (1024.0 * 1024.0 * 1024.0);
+    double size_gb = (double)size / (1000.0 * 1000.0 * 1000.0);
     printf("Generating %.2f GB pad...\n", size_gb);
     printf("Note: Use 'Add entropy' in Pads menu to enhance randomness after creation.\n");
 

src/util.c

@@ -519,13 +519,13 @@ uint64_t parse_size_string(const char* size_str) {
         }
 
         if (strcmp(unit, "K") == 0 || strcmp(unit, "KB") == 0) {
-            multiplier = 1024ULL;
+            multiplier = 1000ULL;
         } else if (strcmp(unit, "M") == 0 || strcmp(unit, "MB") == 0) {
-            multiplier = 1024ULL * 1024ULL;
+            multiplier = 1000ULL * 1000ULL;
         } else if (strcmp(unit, "G") == 0 || strcmp(unit, "GB") == 0) {
-            multiplier = 1024ULL * 1024ULL * 1024ULL;
+            multiplier = 1000ULL * 1000ULL * 1000ULL;
         } else if (strcmp(unit, "T") == 0 || strcmp(unit, "TB") == 0) {
-            multiplier = 1024ULL * 1024ULL * 1024ULL * 1024ULL;
+            multiplier = 1000ULL * 1000ULL * 1000ULL * 1000ULL;
         } else {
             return 0; // Invalid unit
         }

tests/test_chacha20_extended.c

@@ -0,0 +1,263 @@
+/*
+ * test_chacha20_extended.c - Test ChaCha20 extended counter implementation
+ * 
+ * This test verifies that the extended counter properly handles:
+ * 1. Counter overflow at 2^32 blocks (256GB boundary)
+ * 2. Correct keystream generation across the overflow boundary
+ * 3. No duplicate keystream blocks
+ */
+
+#include <stdio.h>
+#include <stdint.h>
+#include <string.h>
+#include <stdlib.h>
+#include "../src/nostr_chacha20.h"
+
+#define TEST_BLOCK_SIZE 64
+#define BLOCKS_NEAR_OVERFLOW 10  // Test blocks around overflow point
+
+// Test helper: Compare two blocks for equality
+int blocks_equal(const uint8_t* block1, const uint8_t* block2, size_t len) {
+    return memcmp(block1, block2, len) == 0;
+}
+
+// Test 1: Verify extended counter handles overflow correctly
+int test_counter_overflow() {
+    printf("Test 1: Counter overflow handling\n");
+    printf("  Testing counter transition from 0xFFFFFFFF to 0x00000000...\n");
+    
+    uint8_t key[32];
+    uint8_t nonce[8];
+    uint8_t input[TEST_BLOCK_SIZE];
+    uint8_t output1[TEST_BLOCK_SIZE];
+    uint8_t output2[TEST_BLOCK_SIZE];
+    uint8_t output3[TEST_BLOCK_SIZE];
+    
+    // Initialize test data
+    memset(key, 0xAA, 32);
+    memset(nonce, 0xBB, 8);
+    memset(input, 0, TEST_BLOCK_SIZE);
+    
+    // Test at counter_low = 0xFFFFFFFE, counter_high = 0
+    uint32_t counter_low = 0xFFFFFFFE;
+    uint32_t counter_high = 0;
+    
+    printf("  Block at counter_low=0xFFFFFFFE, counter_high=0...\n");
+    if (chacha20_encrypt_extended(key, counter_low, counter_high, nonce, 
+                                   input, output1, TEST_BLOCK_SIZE) != 0) {
+        printf("  ❌ FAILED: Error at counter_low=0xFFFFFFFE\n");
+        return 1;
+    }
+    
+    // Test at counter_low = 0xFFFFFFFF, counter_high = 0
+    counter_low = 0xFFFFFFFF;
+    printf("  Block at counter_low=0xFFFFFFFF, counter_high=0...\n");
+    if (chacha20_encrypt_extended(key, counter_low, counter_high, nonce, 
+                                   input, output2, TEST_BLOCK_SIZE) != 0) {
+        printf("  ❌ FAILED: Error at counter_low=0xFFFFFFFF\n");
+        return 1;
+    }
+    
+    // Test at counter_low = 0x00000000, counter_high = 1 (after overflow)
+    counter_low = 0x00000000;
+    counter_high = 1;
+    printf("  Block at counter_low=0x00000000, counter_high=1...\n");
+    if (chacha20_encrypt_extended(key, counter_low, counter_high, nonce, 
+                                   input, output3, TEST_BLOCK_SIZE) != 0) {
+        printf("  ❌ FAILED: Error at counter_low=0x00000000, counter_high=1\n");
+        return 1;
+    }
+    
+    // Verify all three blocks are different (no keystream reuse)
+    if (blocks_equal(output1, output2, TEST_BLOCK_SIZE)) {
+        printf("  ❌ FAILED: Blocks at 0xFFFFFFFE and 0xFFFFFFFF are identical!\n");
+        return 1;
+    }
+    
+    if (blocks_equal(output2, output3, TEST_BLOCK_SIZE)) {
+        printf("  ❌ FAILED: Blocks at 0xFFFFFFFF,0 and 0x00000000,1 are identical!\n");
+        return 1;
+    }
+    
+    if (blocks_equal(output1, output3, TEST_BLOCK_SIZE)) {
+        printf("  ❌ FAILED: Blocks at 0xFFFFFFFE,0 and 0x00000000,1 are identical!\n");
+        return 1;
+    }
+    
+    printf("  ✓ All blocks are unique across overflow boundary\n");
+    printf("  ✓ PASSED\n\n");
+    return 0;
+}
+
+// Test 2: Simulate processing data that crosses 256GB boundary
+int test_large_file_simulation() {
+    printf("Test 2: Large file simulation (256GB+ boundary)\n");
+    printf("  Simulating processing across 256GB boundary...\n");
+    
+    uint8_t key[32];
+    uint8_t nonce[8];
+    uint8_t input[1024];
+    uint8_t output[1024];
+    
+    // Initialize test data
+    memset(key, 0x55, 32);
+    memset(nonce, 0x77, 8);
+    for (int i = 0; i < 1024; i++) {
+        input[i] = i & 0xFF;
+    }
+    
+    // Simulate being at 256GB - 512 bytes (just before overflow)
+    // 256GB = 2^32 blocks * 64 bytes = 274,877,906,944 bytes
+    // Block number at 256GB - 512 bytes = 2^32 - 8 blocks
+    uint32_t counter_low = 0xFFFFFFF8;  // 2^32 - 8
+    uint32_t counter_high = 0;
+    
+    printf("  Processing 1KB starting at block 0xFFFFFFF8 (256GB - 512 bytes)...\n");
+    
+    // This should cross the overflow boundary
+    int result = chacha20_encrypt_extended(key, counter_low, counter_high, nonce, 
+                                           input, output, 1024);
+    
+    if (result != 0) {
+        printf("  ❌ FAILED: Error processing data across 256GB boundary\n");
+        return 1;
+    }
+    
+    printf("  ✓ Successfully processed data across 256GB boundary\n");
+    printf("  ✓ PASSED\n\n");
+    return 0;
+}
+
+// Test 3: Verify extended vs standard ChaCha20 compatibility
+int test_compatibility() {
+    printf("Test 3: Compatibility with standard ChaCha20\n");
+    printf("  Verifying extended mode matches standard mode when counter_high=0...\n");
+    
+    uint8_t key[32];
+    uint8_t nonce_standard[12];
+    uint8_t nonce_reduced[8];
+    uint8_t input[TEST_BLOCK_SIZE];
+    uint8_t output_standard[TEST_BLOCK_SIZE];
+    uint8_t output_extended[TEST_BLOCK_SIZE];
+    
+    // Initialize test data
+    memset(key, 0x33, 32);
+    memset(nonce_standard, 0x44, 12);
+    memcpy(nonce_reduced, nonce_standard + 4, 8);  // Extract last 8 bytes
+    memset(input, 0, TEST_BLOCK_SIZE);
+    
+    uint32_t counter = 42;
+    
+    // Standard ChaCha20
+    if (chacha20_encrypt(key, counter, nonce_standard, input, 
+                        output_standard, TEST_BLOCK_SIZE) != 0) {
+        printf("  ❌ FAILED: Standard ChaCha20 error\n");
+        return 1;
+    }
+    
+    // Extended ChaCha20 with counter_high=0 and matching nonce
+    // The extended version builds nonce as [counter_high][nonce_reduced]
+    // So we need to ensure the first 4 bytes of nonce_standard are 0
+    uint8_t nonce_standard_zero[12] = {0};
+    memcpy(nonce_standard_zero + 4, nonce_reduced, 8);
+    
+    if (chacha20_encrypt(key, counter, nonce_standard_zero, input, 
+                        output_standard, TEST_BLOCK_SIZE) != 0) {
+        printf("  ❌ FAILED: Standard ChaCha20 error\n");
+        return 1;
+    }
+    
+    if (chacha20_encrypt_extended(key, counter, 0, nonce_reduced, input, 
+                                  output_extended, TEST_BLOCK_SIZE) != 0) {
+        printf("  ❌ FAILED: Extended ChaCha20 error\n");
+        return 1;
+    }
+    
+    // Compare outputs
+    if (!blocks_equal(output_standard, output_extended, TEST_BLOCK_SIZE)) {
+        printf("  ❌ FAILED: Extended mode output differs from standard mode\n");
+        printf("  First 16 bytes of standard: ");
+        for (int i = 0; i < 16; i++) printf("%02x ", output_standard[i]);
+        printf("\n  First 16 bytes of extended: ");
+        for (int i = 0; i < 16; i++) printf("%02x ", output_extended[i]);
+        printf("\n");
+        return 1;
+    }
+    
+    printf("  ✓ Extended mode matches standard mode when counter_high=0\n");
+    printf("  ✓ PASSED\n\n");
+    return 0;
+}
+
+// Test 4: Stress test - verify no errors at extreme counter values
+int test_extreme_values() {
+    printf("Test 4: Extreme counter values\n");
+    printf("  Testing at various extreme counter positions...\n");
+    
+    uint8_t key[32];
+    uint8_t nonce[8];
+    uint8_t input[TEST_BLOCK_SIZE];
+    uint8_t output[TEST_BLOCK_SIZE];
+    
+    memset(key, 0x99, 32);
+    memset(nonce, 0x66, 8);
+    memset(input, 0, TEST_BLOCK_SIZE);
+    
+    // Test various extreme positions
+    struct {
+        uint32_t counter_low;
+        uint32_t counter_high;
+        const char* description;
+    } test_cases[] = {
+        {0x00000000, 0, "Start of first 256GB segment"},
+        {0xFFFFFFFF, 0, "End of first 256GB segment"},
+        {0x00000000, 1, "Start of second 256GB segment"},
+        {0xFFFFFFFF, 1, "End of second 256GB segment"},
+        {0x00000000, 0xFFFF, "Start of segment 65535"},
+        {0xFFFFFFFF, 0xFFFF, "End of segment 65535"},
+    };
+    
+    for (size_t i = 0; i < sizeof(test_cases) / sizeof(test_cases[0]); i++) {
+        printf("  Testing: %s (0x%08X, 0x%08X)...\n", 
+               test_cases[i].description,
+               test_cases[i].counter_low,
+               test_cases[i].counter_high);
+        
+        if (chacha20_encrypt_extended(key, test_cases[i].counter_low, 
+                                      test_cases[i].counter_high, nonce,
+                                      input, output, TEST_BLOCK_SIZE) != 0) {
+            printf("  ❌ FAILED at %s\n", test_cases[i].description);
+            return 1;
+        }
+    }
+    
+    printf("  ✓ All extreme values handled correctly\n");
+    printf("  ✓ PASSED\n\n");
+    return 0;
+}
+
+int main() {
+    printf("=================================================================\n");
+    printf("ChaCha20 Extended Counter Test Suite\n");
+    printf("=================================================================\n\n");
+    
+    int failures = 0;
+    
+    failures += test_counter_overflow();
+    failures += test_large_file_simulation();
+    failures += test_compatibility();
+    failures += test_extreme_values();
+    
+    printf("=================================================================\n");
+    if (failures == 0) {
+        printf("✓ ALL TESTS PASSED\n");
+        printf("=================================================================\n");
+        printf("\nThe extended counter implementation is working correctly.\n");
+        printf("It can now handle pads larger than 256GB without overflow errors.\n");
+        return 0;
+    } else {
+        printf("❌ %d TEST(S) FAILED\n", failures);
+        printf("=================================================================\n");
+        return 1;
+    }
+}